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Here is a collection of some important multiple choice Quiz Questions about Human Body with Answers.
Human Body Quiz Questions
1. What is the body temperature of a normal man?
A. 81.1
o
C
B. 36.9
o
C
C. 98.6
o
C
D. 21.7
o
C
2. Which of the following helps in clotting of blood?
A. Vitamin B1
B. Vitamin B2
C. Vitamin D
D. Vitamin K
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PDF generated by PHPKB Knowledge Base Script 3. Total volume of blood in a normal adult human being is
A. 5-6 liters
B. 3-4 liters
C. 8-10 liters
D. 10-12 liters
4. Red blood corpuscles are formed in the
A. Liver
B. Bone marrow
C. Kidneys
D. Heart
5. How many bones are there in an adult human being?
A. 210
B. 260
C. 206
D. 300
6. The panccreas secretes
A. Insulin
B. Bile juice
C. Peptic juice
D. None of these
7. Tibia is a bone found in the
A. Skull
B. Arm
C. Leg
D. Face
8. The largest part of the human brain is the
A. Medulla oblongata
B. Cerebellum
C. Cerebrum
D. None of these
9. What is the main component of bones and teeth?
A. Calcium carbonate
B. Calcium phosphate
C. Calcium sulphate
D. Calcium nitrate
10. The main constituent of hemoglobin is
A. Chlorine
B. Iron
C. Calcium
D. None of these
11. The main function of the kidney is
A. To control blood pressure
B. To control body temperature
C. To remove waste product from the body
D. To help in digestion of food
12. The function of hemoglobin is
A. Transportation of oxygen
B. Destruction of bacteria
C. Prevention of anemia
D. Utilization of energy
13. Which of the following glands secrete tears?
A. Lachrymal
B. Pituitary
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PDF generated by PHPKB Knowledge Base ScriptC. Thyroid
D. Pancreas
14. Which is the largest gland in the human body?
A. Thyroid
B. Liver
C. Pancreas
D. None of these
15. Which is the largest organ in the human body?
A. Liver
B. Heart
C. Skin
D. Kidney
16. A person of which of the following blood groups is called a universal donor?
A. O
B. AB
C. A
D. B
17. Which gland in the human body is called the master gland?
A. Pancreas
B. Thyroid
C. Pituitary
D. Spleen
18. How many bones are there in a newly born infant?
A. 206
B. 230
C. 280
D. 300
19. Which of the following have maximum calorific value?
A. Carbohydrates
B. Fats
C. Proteins
D. Vitamins
20. Which of the following vitamins promote healthy functioning of eyes in human beings?
A. Vitamin B
B. Vitamin C
C. Vitamin A
D. Vitamin D
21. The average heartbeat per minute in a normal man is
A. 50
B. 70
C. 80
D. 100
22. A person with which of the following blood groups can receive blood of any group?
A. A
B. AB
C. B
D. O
23. Malaria is a disease which effects the
A. Heart
B. Lungs
C. Spleen
D. Kidneys
24. Which of the following diseases is caused by virus?
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PDF generated by PHPKB Knowledge Base ScriptA. Small pox
B. Tuberculosis
C. Malaria
D. Cholera
25. Medulla oblongata is a part of human
A. Heart
B. Brain
C. Liver
D. Sex organ
26. Myopia is a disease connected with
A. Ears
B. Eyes
C. Lungs
D. Brain
27. Leukemia is a disease of the
A. Lungs
B. Blood
C. Skin
D. Nerves
28. Short-sightedness can be corrected by using
A. Convex lens
B. Concave lens
C. Convex-concave lens
D. Concave-convex lens
29. Trachoma is a disease of the
A. Liver
B. Eyes
C. Lungs
D. Kidneys
30. Match the following
Column I Column II
A. Beriberi 1. Vitamin A
B. Scurvy 2. Vitamin B
C. Rickets 3. Vitamin C
D. Night Blindness 4. Vitamin D
A B C D
(a) 3 2 1 4
(b) 2 1 3 4
(c) 2 3 4 1
(d) 2 3 1 4
1. Typhoid and cholera are typical examples of
A. Infectious diseases
B. Air-borne disease
C. Water-borne disease
D. None of these
2. Pyorrhea is a disease of the
A. Nose
B. Gums
C. Heart
D. Lungs
3. Lack of what causes diabetes.
A. Sugar
B. Insulin
C. Calcium
D. Vitamins
4. Appendix is appendix is a part of
A. Small intestine
B. Large intestine
C. Stomach
D. Liver
5. Match the following columns
Column I Column II
A. Cataract 1. Bones
B. Jaundice 2. Eyes
C. Diabetes 3. Liver
D. Arthritis 4. Pancreas
A B C D
(a) 2 3 4 1
(b) 2 3 1 4
(c) 1 3 4 2
(d) 3 2 4 1
1. Bronchitis is a disease of which of the following organs?
A. Blood
B. Bladder
C. Liver
D. Respiratory tract
2. ECG is used for the diagnosis of aliments of
A. Brain
B. Heart
C. Kidneys
D. Lungs
3. Biopsy is done on
A. Tissues taken from a dead body
B. Tissues taken form a living body
C. Blood from veins
D. Blood from arteries
4. Barium is used for
A. Checking blood group
B. X-ray of alimentary canal
C. X-ray of brain
D. None of these
5. Dialysis is used for the treatment of
A. Kidney failure
B. Heart weakness
C. Brain diseases
D. None of these
6. Insulin is injected into the intestines by
A. Pancreas
B. Liver
C. Stomach
D. Gall bladder
7. Lock Jaw, i.e., difficulty in opening the mouth is a symptom of
A. Cholera
B. Plague
C. Tetanus
D. Diphtheria
8. Which of the following pairs is incorrect?
A. Plague-rats
B. Rabies-dog
C. Tapeworm-pig
D. Poliomyelitis-monkey
9. Match the following columns
Column I Column II
A. Air-borne 1. Tetanus
B. Water-borne 2. Tuberculosis
C. Contact 3. Cholera
D. Wound 4. Syphilis
A B C D
(a) 2 3 1 4
(b) 2 3 4 1
(c) 3 2 4 1
(d) 4 3 2 1
1. Ricketts is a disease of the
A. Bones
B. Tissue
C. Muscles
D. Blood
2. Which of the following statements is correct
A. Pulmonary artery carries pure blood
B. Pulmonary artery carries impure blood
C. Pulmonary vein carries impure blood
D. None of these
3. Lungs are situated in the
A. Abdominal cavity
B. Pericardial cavity
C. Buccal cavity
D. Thoracic cavity
4. The human cell contains
A. 44 chromosomes
B. 48 chromosomes
C. 46 chromosomes
D. 23 chromosomes
5. Enzymes help in
A. Respiration
B. Digestion of food
C. Immune system
D. Reproduction
6. Food is normally digested in the
A. Liver
B. Stomach
C. Small intestines
D. Large intestines
Human Body Quiz Answers
1. b 2. d 3. a 4. b 5. c
6. a 7. c 8. c 9. b 10. b
11. c 12. a 13. a 14. b 15. c
16. a 17. c 18. d 19. a 20. c
21. b 22. b 23. c 24. a 25. b
26. b 27. b 28. b 29. b 30. c
31. c 32. b 33. b 34. b 35. a
Saturday, January 5, 2013
100 Interesting Facts About Human Body
The human body is an incredibly complex and intricate system, one that still baffles doctors and researchers on a regular basis despite thousands of years of medical knowledge. As a result, it should not be any surprise that even body parts and functions we deal with every day have bizarre or unexpected facts and explanations behind them. From sneezes to finger-nail growth, here are 100 weird, wacky, and interesting facts about the human body.
Interesting Facts About Human Body
Facts About The Brain
The human brain is the most complex and least understood part of the human anatomy. There may be a lot we don't know, but here are a few interesting facts that we've got covered.
1. Nerve impulses to and from the brain travel as fast as 170 miles per hour. Ever wonder how you can react so fast to things around you or why that stubbed toe hurts right away? It's due to the super-speedy movement of nerve impulses from your brain to the rest of your body and vice versa, bringing reactions at the speed of a high powered luxury sports car.
2. The brain operates on the same amount of power as 10-watt light bulb. The cartoon image of a light bulb over your head when a great thought occurs isn't too far off the mark. Your brain generates as much energy as a small light bulb even when you're sleeping.
3. The human brain cell can hold 5 times as much information as the EEncyclopedia Britannica. Or any other encyclopedia for that matter. Scientists have yet to settle on a definitive amount, but the storage capacity of the brain in electronic terms is thought to be between 3 or even 1,000 terabytes. The National Archives of Britain, containing over 900 years of history, only takes up 70 terabytes, making your brain's memory power pretty darn impressive.
4. Your brain uses 20% of the oxygen that enters your bloodstream. The brain only makes up about 2% of our body mass, yet consumes more oxygen than any other organ in the body, making it extremely susceptible to damage related to oxygen deprivation. So breathe deep to keep your brain happy and swimming in oxygenated cells.
5. The brain is much more active at night than during the day. Logically, you would think that all the moving around, complicated calculations and tasks and general interaction we do on a daily basis during our working hours would take a lot more brain power than, say, lying in bed. Turns out, the opposite is true. When you turn off your brain turns on. Scientists don't yet know why this is but you can thank the hard work of your brain while you sleep for all those pleasant dreams.
6. Scientists say the higher your I.Q. the more you dream. While this may be true, don't take it as a sign you're mentally lacking if you can't recall your dreams. Most of us don't remember many of our dreams and the average length of most dreams is only 2-3 seconds–barely long enough to register.
7. Neurons continue to grow throughout human life. For years scientists and doctors thought that brain and neural tissue couldn't grow or regenerate. While it doesn't act in the same manner as tissues in many other parts of the body, neurons can and do grow throughout your life, adding a whole new dimension to the study of the brain and the illnesses that affect it.
8. Information travels at different speeds within different types of neurons. Not all neurons are the same. Page 1/3 PDF generated by PHPKB Knowledge Base Script There are a few different types within the body and transmission along these different kinds can be as slow as 0.5 meters/sec or as fast as 120 meters/sec.
9. The brain itself cannot feel pain. While the brain might be the pain center when you cut your finger or burn yourself, the brain itself does not have pain receptors and cannot feel pain. That doesn't mean your head can't hurt. The brain is surrounded by loads of tissues, nerves and blood vessels that are plenty receptive to pain and can give you a pounding headache. 10. 80% of the brain is water. Your brain isn't the firm, gray mass you've seen on TV. Living brain tissue is a squishy, pink and jelly-like organ thanks to the loads of blood and high water content of the tissue. So the next time you're feeling dehydrated get a drink to keep your brain hydrated.
Facts About Hair and Nails
While they're not a living part of your body, most people spend a good amount of time caring for their hair and nails. The next time you're heading in for a haircut or manicure, think of these facts.
1. Facial hair grows faster than any other hair on the body. If you've ever had a covering of stubble on your face as you're clocking out at 5 o'clock you're probably pretty familiar with this. In fact, if the average man never shaved his beard it would grow to over 30 feet during his lifetime, longer than a killer whale.
2. Every day the average person loses 60-100 strands of hair. Unless you're already bald, chances are good that you're shedding pretty heavily on a daily basis. Your hair loss will vary in accordance with the season, pregnancy, illness, diet and age.
3. Women's hair is about half the diameter of men's hair. While it might sound strange, it shouldn't come as too much of a surprise that men's hair should be coarser than that of women. Hair diameter also varies on average between races, making hair plugs on some men look especially obvious.
4. One human hair can support 3.5 ounces. That's about the weight of two full size candy bars, and with hundreds of thousands of hairs on the human head, makes the tale of Rapunzel much more plausible.
5. The fastest growing nail is on the middle finger. And the nail on the middle finger of your dominant hand will grow the fastest of all. Why is not entirely known, but nail growth is related to the length of the finger, with the longest fingers growing nails the fastest and shortest the slowest.
6. There are as many hairs per square inch on your body as a chimpanzee. Humans are not quite the naked apes that we're made out to be. We have lots of hair, but on most of us it's not obvious as a majority of the hairs are too fine or light to be seen.
7. Blondes have more hair. They're said to have more fun, and they definitely have more hair. Hair color determines how dense the hair on your head is. The average human has 100,000 hair follicles, each of which is capable of producing 20 individual hairs during a person's lifetime. Blondes average 146,000 follicles while people with black hair tend to have about 110,000 follicles. Those with brown hair fit the average with 100,000 follicles and redheads have the least dense hair, with about 86,000 follicles.
8. Fingernails grow nearly 4 times faster than toenails. If you notice that you're trimming your fingernails much more frequently than your toenails you're not just imagining it. The nails that get the most exposure and are used most frequently grow the fastest. On average, nails on both the toes and fingers grow about one-tenth of an inch each month. 9. The lifespan of a human hair is 3 to 7 years on average. While you quite a few hairs each day, your hairs actually have a pretty long life providing they aren't subject to any trauma. Your hairs will likely get to see several different haircuts, styles, and even possibly decades before they fall out on their own.
10. You must lose over 50% of your scalp hairs before it is apparent to anyone. You lose hundreds of hairs a day but you'll have to lose a lot more before you or anyone else will notice. Half of the hairs on your pretty little head will have to disappear before your impending baldness will become obvious to all those around you.
11. Human hair is virtually indestructible. Aside from it's flammability, human hair decays at such a slow Page 2/3 PDF generated by PHPKB Knowledge Base Scriptrate that it is practically non disintegrative. If you've ever wondered how your how clogs up your pipes so quick consider this: hair cannot be destroyed by cold, change of climate, water, or other natural forces and it is resistant to many kinds of acids and corrosive chemicals.
Facts About Internal Organs
Though we may not give them much thought unless they're bothering us, our internal organs are what allow us to go on eating, breathing and walking around. Here are some things to consider the next time you hear your stomach growl.
Interesting Facts About Human Body
Facts About The Brain
The human brain is the most complex and least understood part of the human anatomy. There may be a lot we don't know, but here are a few interesting facts that we've got covered.
1. Nerve impulses to and from the brain travel as fast as 170 miles per hour. Ever wonder how you can react so fast to things around you or why that stubbed toe hurts right away? It's due to the super-speedy movement of nerve impulses from your brain to the rest of your body and vice versa, bringing reactions at the speed of a high powered luxury sports car.
2. The brain operates on the same amount of power as 10-watt light bulb. The cartoon image of a light bulb over your head when a great thought occurs isn't too far off the mark. Your brain generates as much energy as a small light bulb even when you're sleeping.
3. The human brain cell can hold 5 times as much information as the EEncyclopedia Britannica. Or any other encyclopedia for that matter. Scientists have yet to settle on a definitive amount, but the storage capacity of the brain in electronic terms is thought to be between 3 or even 1,000 terabytes. The National Archives of Britain, containing over 900 years of history, only takes up 70 terabytes, making your brain's memory power pretty darn impressive.
4. Your brain uses 20% of the oxygen that enters your bloodstream. The brain only makes up about 2% of our body mass, yet consumes more oxygen than any other organ in the body, making it extremely susceptible to damage related to oxygen deprivation. So breathe deep to keep your brain happy and swimming in oxygenated cells.
5. The brain is much more active at night than during the day. Logically, you would think that all the moving around, complicated calculations and tasks and general interaction we do on a daily basis during our working hours would take a lot more brain power than, say, lying in bed. Turns out, the opposite is true. When you turn off your brain turns on. Scientists don't yet know why this is but you can thank the hard work of your brain while you sleep for all those pleasant dreams.
6. Scientists say the higher your I.Q. the more you dream. While this may be true, don't take it as a sign you're mentally lacking if you can't recall your dreams. Most of us don't remember many of our dreams and the average length of most dreams is only 2-3 seconds–barely long enough to register.
7. Neurons continue to grow throughout human life. For years scientists and doctors thought that brain and neural tissue couldn't grow or regenerate. While it doesn't act in the same manner as tissues in many other parts of the body, neurons can and do grow throughout your life, adding a whole new dimension to the study of the brain and the illnesses that affect it.
8. Information travels at different speeds within different types of neurons. Not all neurons are the same. Page 1/3 PDF generated by PHPKB Knowledge Base Script There are a few different types within the body and transmission along these different kinds can be as slow as 0.5 meters/sec or as fast as 120 meters/sec.
9. The brain itself cannot feel pain. While the brain might be the pain center when you cut your finger or burn yourself, the brain itself does not have pain receptors and cannot feel pain. That doesn't mean your head can't hurt. The brain is surrounded by loads of tissues, nerves and blood vessels that are plenty receptive to pain and can give you a pounding headache. 10. 80% of the brain is water. Your brain isn't the firm, gray mass you've seen on TV. Living brain tissue is a squishy, pink and jelly-like organ thanks to the loads of blood and high water content of the tissue. So the next time you're feeling dehydrated get a drink to keep your brain hydrated.
Facts About Hair and Nails
While they're not a living part of your body, most people spend a good amount of time caring for their hair and nails. The next time you're heading in for a haircut or manicure, think of these facts.
1. Facial hair grows faster than any other hair on the body. If you've ever had a covering of stubble on your face as you're clocking out at 5 o'clock you're probably pretty familiar with this. In fact, if the average man never shaved his beard it would grow to over 30 feet during his lifetime, longer than a killer whale.
2. Every day the average person loses 60-100 strands of hair. Unless you're already bald, chances are good that you're shedding pretty heavily on a daily basis. Your hair loss will vary in accordance with the season, pregnancy, illness, diet and age.
3. Women's hair is about half the diameter of men's hair. While it might sound strange, it shouldn't come as too much of a surprise that men's hair should be coarser than that of women. Hair diameter also varies on average between races, making hair plugs on some men look especially obvious.
4. One human hair can support 3.5 ounces. That's about the weight of two full size candy bars, and with hundreds of thousands of hairs on the human head, makes the tale of Rapunzel much more plausible.
5. The fastest growing nail is on the middle finger. And the nail on the middle finger of your dominant hand will grow the fastest of all. Why is not entirely known, but nail growth is related to the length of the finger, with the longest fingers growing nails the fastest and shortest the slowest.
6. There are as many hairs per square inch on your body as a chimpanzee. Humans are not quite the naked apes that we're made out to be. We have lots of hair, but on most of us it's not obvious as a majority of the hairs are too fine or light to be seen.
7. Blondes have more hair. They're said to have more fun, and they definitely have more hair. Hair color determines how dense the hair on your head is. The average human has 100,000 hair follicles, each of which is capable of producing 20 individual hairs during a person's lifetime. Blondes average 146,000 follicles while people with black hair tend to have about 110,000 follicles. Those with brown hair fit the average with 100,000 follicles and redheads have the least dense hair, with about 86,000 follicles.
8. Fingernails grow nearly 4 times faster than toenails. If you notice that you're trimming your fingernails much more frequently than your toenails you're not just imagining it. The nails that get the most exposure and are used most frequently grow the fastest. On average, nails on both the toes and fingers grow about one-tenth of an inch each month. 9. The lifespan of a human hair is 3 to 7 years on average. While you quite a few hairs each day, your hairs actually have a pretty long life providing they aren't subject to any trauma. Your hairs will likely get to see several different haircuts, styles, and even possibly decades before they fall out on their own.
10. You must lose over 50% of your scalp hairs before it is apparent to anyone. You lose hundreds of hairs a day but you'll have to lose a lot more before you or anyone else will notice. Half of the hairs on your pretty little head will have to disappear before your impending baldness will become obvious to all those around you.
11. Human hair is virtually indestructible. Aside from it's flammability, human hair decays at such a slow Page 2/3 PDF generated by PHPKB Knowledge Base Scriptrate that it is practically non disintegrative. If you've ever wondered how your how clogs up your pipes so quick consider this: hair cannot be destroyed by cold, change of climate, water, or other natural forces and it is resistant to many kinds of acids and corrosive chemicals.
Facts About Internal Organs
Though we may not give them much thought unless they're bothering us, our internal organs are what allow us to go on eating, breathing and walking around. Here are some things to consider the next time you hear your stomach growl.
5 Smallest Countries of World
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1. Vatican City
Size: 0.17 sq. mi. (0.44 km²)
Population: 783 (2005 census)
Location: Rome, Italy The size of a golf course, the Vatican City is the smallest country in the world. It's basically a walled enclave inside of Rome, Italy. It's so small that the entire country does not have a single street address. The Vatican City may be small, but it is very powerful. It is the sovereign territory of the Holy See, or the seat of the Catholic Church (basically its central government), which has over 1 billion people (about 1 in 6 people on the planet) as constituents. The Vatican City was created in 1929 by the Lateran Treaty (which was signed by one of history's most repressive dictators, Benito Mussolini) and is ruled by the Pope, basically a non-hereditary, elected monarch who rules with absolute authority (he's the legislative, executive and judiciary all rolled into one) - indeed, the Pope is the only absolute monarch in Europe. Another unique thing about the smallest country in the world is that it has no permanent citizens. Citizenship of the Vatican City is conferred upon those who work at the Vatican (as well as their spouses and children) and is revoked when they stop working there. The Vatican City is guarded by the smallest and oldest regular army in the world, the Swiss Guard. It was originally made up of Swiss mercenaries in 1506, now the army (also personal bodyguards of the Pope) number 100, all of which are Catholic unmarried male Swiss citizens. The Swiss Guard's Renaissance-style uniform was commonly attributed as to have been designed by Michelangelo - this was actually incorrect: the large "skirt" pants were a common style during the Renaissance. Only their uniforms seem antiquated: most of the Swiss Guards carry pistols and submachine-guns. The official languages of the Vatican City are Latin and Italian. In fact, its ATMs are the only ones in the world that offer services in Latin! And here you thought that Latin is a dead language? For a country that has no street address, the Vatican City has a very efficient post office: an international mail dropped in the Vatican will get there faster than one dropped in Italy just a few hundred yard away - in fact, there is more mail sent annually per inhabitant from this country (7,200 mails per person) than anywhere else in the world. The Vatican City has a country code top level domain of .va - currently there are only 9 publicly known .va domains. It also has a radio broadcasting service, called Vatican Radio, which was set up by Guglielmo Marconi (the Father of Radio) himself! The country's economy is unique: it is the only non-commercial economy in the world. Instead, the Vatican City is supported financially by contributions of Catholics worldwide (called Peter's Pence - hey, even the Pope accepts credit cards!), the sale of postage stamps and publications, and tourism. Lastly, as an ecclesiastical paradise, the Vatican City has no taxes.
2. Monaco
Size: 0.8 sq. mi. (1.96 km²)
Population: 35,657 (2006 estimate)
Location: French Riviera on the Mediterranean Monaco is the second smallest country on Earth (it's roughly the size of New York's Central Park), yet it's the most densely populated (23,660 people per km²). Actually, Monaco used to be much smaller than it is now - about 100 acres were reclaimed from the sea and added to its land size. At the narrowest, Monaco is only 382 yards wide! The Principality of Monaco, its formal name, means that the territory is ruled by a prince. For the last seven centuries, Monaco was ruled by princes of the Grimaldi family from Genoa. (The whole thing started one night in 1297 when François Grimaldi disguised himself as a monk and led a small army to conquer the fortress guarding the Rock of Monaco. The coat of arms of the Grimaldi bears the image of monks with swords!) Now, the Prince shares legislative authority with a National Council. In 1861, Monaco relinquished half of its territory to France in exchange for cash and independence. When the reigning prince realized that most of Monaco's natural resources were on the land that got bartered away, he decided to bet the whole economy on ? what else, gambling (see, casinos aren't only for American Indians, it's a time-tested, universal solution!) And so began Monte Carlo, a region of Monaco well known for its glamorous casinos (a setting for Ian Fleming's first James Bond Novel Casino Royale) and its Formula One Grand Prix. In 1918, Monaco entered a treaty with France for military protection - the treaty, however, also stipulated that Monaco would lose its independence (and become French) should the reigning Grimaldi prince died without leaving a male heir! When Prince Rainier III took over, he was a bachelor and most Monegasques (that means people of Monaco) were gloomy about the country's future. However, he ended up marrying Hollywood actress Grace Kelly - the marriage not only produced a male heir, it also helped burnish Monaco's image as a glamorous place to be for the wealthy. (Monaco can rest easy now, a new treaty with France stated that the Principality will remain independent even without a male heir). For a long time, Monaco had no income taxes and was a tax haven for wealthy foreigners and international corporations. This caused a unique thing about Monaco's population: most of its residents are not native - in fact, only about 1 in 5 people are native Monegasques. After a long dispute with France, Monaco started to impose income taxes on all of its residents who are not born there. Its natural citizens are forbidden from entering casinos, but to make up for it, they do not have to pay any income taxes.
3. Nauru
Size: 8 sq. mi (21 km²)
Population: 13,005 (2005 estimate)
Location: Western Pacific Ocean Nauru is the world's smallest island nation, the smallest independent republic, and the only republic in the world without an official capital. Nauru only has one significant source of income: phosphates from thousands of years' worth of guano or bird droppings. This proved to be both a boon and a bane for Nauruans - for a long time, its residents enjoyed a relatively high level of income as the country exported its phosphate like there's no tomorrow. The government employed 95% of Nauruans, and lavished free medical care and schooling for its citizens. Most didn't take advantage of this offer: only one-third of children went on to secondary school. The adults didn't really work, either - office hours were flexible and the most popular pastime was drinking beer and driving the 20-minute circuit around the island. For a while, Nauru was a paradise - for a brief moment in 1970s, Nauruans were even amongst the richest people on the planet. Nothing lasts forever and sure enough, Nauru's phosphate reserves soon dried up and left 90% of the island as a barren, jagged mining wasteland. Wasteful investments (like buying hotels only to leave them to rot) and gross incompetence by the government (former presidents used to commandeer Air Nauru's planes for holidays, leaving paying customers stranded on the tarmac!) didn't help either. As if that's not bad enough, Nauru is also beset by obesity problem. Decades of leisurely lifestyle and high consumption of alcohol and fatty foods have left as many as 9 out of 10 people overweight! Nauru also has the world's highest level of type 2 diabetes - over 40% of its population is affected. So now, Nauruans are poverty-stricken and fat - but they are trying to turn things around. With no natural resource left, in the 1990s, Nauru decided to become a tax haven and offered passports to foreign nationals for a fee. This attracted the wrong kind of money (but a lot of it): the Russian mafia funneled over $70 billion to the tiny island nation. Things got so bad that most big banks refused to handle transactions involving Nauru because of money laundering problems. This led Nauru to another extraordinary money-making scheme: it became a detention camp for people applying for asylum to Australia!
4. Tuvalu
Size: 9 sq. mi. (26 km²)
Population: 10,441 (2005 estimate)
Location: South Pacific Tuvalu is basically a chain of low-lying coral islands, with its highest elevation being 16 feet or 5 meters above seal level. With total land area of just 9 square miles, Tuvalu is not only a teeny tiny island in the Pacific Ocean, it may not even exist in the next 50 years if sea level continue to rise (a controversial claim, nonetheless there were evacuation plans to New Zealand and other Pacific Islands). Even if the sea level does not rise, other problems such as population growth and coastal erosion still make Tuvalu a very vulnerable country. During World War II, thousands of American troops were stationed on the islands of Tuvalu and the island became an Allied base. Airfields were quickly constructed and after the war, abandoned. In fact, today rusting wrecks can be found on the islands, a constant reminder of its role in the War. Today, Tuvalu also derives income from renting out its Internet country code top-level domain .tv, as it is the abbreviation of the word 'television'. This scheme got off to a rocky start (the original company who tried to do it failed to raise the necessary funds), but finally proved to be the largest source of income for the country.
5. San Marino
Size: 24 sq. mi. (61 km²)
Population: 28,117 (2005 estimate)
Location: North-central Italy near the Adriatic coast. With the formal name of The Most Serene Republic of San Marino, it's not surprising that San Marino has got lots of charms. Founded in AD 301 by a Christian stonecutter named (what else) Marino (or Marinus, depending on who you ask), who along with a small group of Christians, was seeking escape from religious persecution, San Marino is the world's oldest republic. Its history belies its simple motto: "Liberty." Indeed, San Marino was such a good neighbor that it was hardly ever conquered by larger enemies (it was briefly conquered in the 1500s and the 1700s, for like a month each). Even when Napoleon gobbled most of Europe, he left San Marino alone, saying it was a model republic! San Marino takes its government seriously: for such a tiny country, San Marino has a very complex government structure, based on a constitution written in 1600. The country is ruled by an elected Council of 60, who appoints 2 captain regents (from opposing political parties, no less) to administer governmental affairs for six-month term. Talk about preserving liberties through division of authority! Before World War II, San Marino was amongst the poorest countries in Europe. Today, with more than 3 million tourists visiting every year (half of San Marino's income is derived from tourism), the people of San Marino are amongst the world's richest people.
1. Vatican City
Size: 0.17 sq. mi. (0.44 km²)
Population: 783 (2005 census)
Location: Rome, Italy The size of a golf course, the Vatican City is the smallest country in the world. It's basically a walled enclave inside of Rome, Italy. It's so small that the entire country does not have a single street address. The Vatican City may be small, but it is very powerful. It is the sovereign territory of the Holy See, or the seat of the Catholic Church (basically its central government), which has over 1 billion people (about 1 in 6 people on the planet) as constituents. The Vatican City was created in 1929 by the Lateran Treaty (which was signed by one of history's most repressive dictators, Benito Mussolini) and is ruled by the Pope, basically a non-hereditary, elected monarch who rules with absolute authority (he's the legislative, executive and judiciary all rolled into one) - indeed, the Pope is the only absolute monarch in Europe. Another unique thing about the smallest country in the world is that it has no permanent citizens. Citizenship of the Vatican City is conferred upon those who work at the Vatican (as well as their spouses and children) and is revoked when they stop working there. The Vatican City is guarded by the smallest and oldest regular army in the world, the Swiss Guard. It was originally made up of Swiss mercenaries in 1506, now the army (also personal bodyguards of the Pope) number 100, all of which are Catholic unmarried male Swiss citizens. The Swiss Guard's Renaissance-style uniform was commonly attributed as to have been designed by Michelangelo - this was actually incorrect: the large "skirt" pants were a common style during the Renaissance. Only their uniforms seem antiquated: most of the Swiss Guards carry pistols and submachine-guns. The official languages of the Vatican City are Latin and Italian. In fact, its ATMs are the only ones in the world that offer services in Latin! And here you thought that Latin is a dead language? For a country that has no street address, the Vatican City has a very efficient post office: an international mail dropped in the Vatican will get there faster than one dropped in Italy just a few hundred yard away - in fact, there is more mail sent annually per inhabitant from this country (7,200 mails per person) than anywhere else in the world. The Vatican City has a country code top level domain of .va - currently there are only 9 publicly known .va domains. It also has a radio broadcasting service, called Vatican Radio, which was set up by Guglielmo Marconi (the Father of Radio) himself! The country's economy is unique: it is the only non-commercial economy in the world. Instead, the Vatican City is supported financially by contributions of Catholics worldwide (called Peter's Pence - hey, even the Pope accepts credit cards!), the sale of postage stamps and publications, and tourism. Lastly, as an ecclesiastical paradise, the Vatican City has no taxes.
2. Monaco
Size: 0.8 sq. mi. (1.96 km²)
Population: 35,657 (2006 estimate)
Location: French Riviera on the Mediterranean Monaco is the second smallest country on Earth (it's roughly the size of New York's Central Park), yet it's the most densely populated (23,660 people per km²). Actually, Monaco used to be much smaller than it is now - about 100 acres were reclaimed from the sea and added to its land size. At the narrowest, Monaco is only 382 yards wide! The Principality of Monaco, its formal name, means that the territory is ruled by a prince. For the last seven centuries, Monaco was ruled by princes of the Grimaldi family from Genoa. (The whole thing started one night in 1297 when François Grimaldi disguised himself as a monk and led a small army to conquer the fortress guarding the Rock of Monaco. The coat of arms of the Grimaldi bears the image of monks with swords!) Now, the Prince shares legislative authority with a National Council. In 1861, Monaco relinquished half of its territory to France in exchange for cash and independence. When the reigning prince realized that most of Monaco's natural resources were on the land that got bartered away, he decided to bet the whole economy on ? what else, gambling (see, casinos aren't only for American Indians, it's a time-tested, universal solution!) And so began Monte Carlo, a region of Monaco well known for its glamorous casinos (a setting for Ian Fleming's first James Bond Novel Casino Royale) and its Formula One Grand Prix. In 1918, Monaco entered a treaty with France for military protection - the treaty, however, also stipulated that Monaco would lose its independence (and become French) should the reigning Grimaldi prince died without leaving a male heir! When Prince Rainier III took over, he was a bachelor and most Monegasques (that means people of Monaco) were gloomy about the country's future. However, he ended up marrying Hollywood actress Grace Kelly - the marriage not only produced a male heir, it also helped burnish Monaco's image as a glamorous place to be for the wealthy. (Monaco can rest easy now, a new treaty with France stated that the Principality will remain independent even without a male heir). For a long time, Monaco had no income taxes and was a tax haven for wealthy foreigners and international corporations. This caused a unique thing about Monaco's population: most of its residents are not native - in fact, only about 1 in 5 people are native Monegasques. After a long dispute with France, Monaco started to impose income taxes on all of its residents who are not born there. Its natural citizens are forbidden from entering casinos, but to make up for it, they do not have to pay any income taxes.
3. Nauru
Size: 8 sq. mi (21 km²)
Population: 13,005 (2005 estimate)
Location: Western Pacific Ocean Nauru is the world's smallest island nation, the smallest independent republic, and the only republic in the world without an official capital. Nauru only has one significant source of income: phosphates from thousands of years' worth of guano or bird droppings. This proved to be both a boon and a bane for Nauruans - for a long time, its residents enjoyed a relatively high level of income as the country exported its phosphate like there's no tomorrow. The government employed 95% of Nauruans, and lavished free medical care and schooling for its citizens. Most didn't take advantage of this offer: only one-third of children went on to secondary school. The adults didn't really work, either - office hours were flexible and the most popular pastime was drinking beer and driving the 20-minute circuit around the island. For a while, Nauru was a paradise - for a brief moment in 1970s, Nauruans were even amongst the richest people on the planet. Nothing lasts forever and sure enough, Nauru's phosphate reserves soon dried up and left 90% of the island as a barren, jagged mining wasteland. Wasteful investments (like buying hotels only to leave them to rot) and gross incompetence by the government (former presidents used to commandeer Air Nauru's planes for holidays, leaving paying customers stranded on the tarmac!) didn't help either. As if that's not bad enough, Nauru is also beset by obesity problem. Decades of leisurely lifestyle and high consumption of alcohol and fatty foods have left as many as 9 out of 10 people overweight! Nauru also has the world's highest level of type 2 diabetes - over 40% of its population is affected. So now, Nauruans are poverty-stricken and fat - but they are trying to turn things around. With no natural resource left, in the 1990s, Nauru decided to become a tax haven and offered passports to foreign nationals for a fee. This attracted the wrong kind of money (but a lot of it): the Russian mafia funneled over $70 billion to the tiny island nation. Things got so bad that most big banks refused to handle transactions involving Nauru because of money laundering problems. This led Nauru to another extraordinary money-making scheme: it became a detention camp for people applying for asylum to Australia!
4. Tuvalu
Size: 9 sq. mi. (26 km²)
Population: 10,441 (2005 estimate)
Location: South Pacific Tuvalu is basically a chain of low-lying coral islands, with its highest elevation being 16 feet or 5 meters above seal level. With total land area of just 9 square miles, Tuvalu is not only a teeny tiny island in the Pacific Ocean, it may not even exist in the next 50 years if sea level continue to rise (a controversial claim, nonetheless there were evacuation plans to New Zealand and other Pacific Islands). Even if the sea level does not rise, other problems such as population growth and coastal erosion still make Tuvalu a very vulnerable country. During World War II, thousands of American troops were stationed on the islands of Tuvalu and the island became an Allied base. Airfields were quickly constructed and after the war, abandoned. In fact, today rusting wrecks can be found on the islands, a constant reminder of its role in the War. Today, Tuvalu also derives income from renting out its Internet country code top-level domain .tv, as it is the abbreviation of the word 'television'. This scheme got off to a rocky start (the original company who tried to do it failed to raise the necessary funds), but finally proved to be the largest source of income for the country.
5. San Marino
Size: 24 sq. mi. (61 km²)
Population: 28,117 (2005 estimate)
Location: North-central Italy near the Adriatic coast. With the formal name of The Most Serene Republic of San Marino, it's not surprising that San Marino has got lots of charms. Founded in AD 301 by a Christian stonecutter named (what else) Marino (or Marinus, depending on who you ask), who along with a small group of Christians, was seeking escape from religious persecution, San Marino is the world's oldest republic. Its history belies its simple motto: "Liberty." Indeed, San Marino was such a good neighbor that it was hardly ever conquered by larger enemies (it was briefly conquered in the 1500s and the 1700s, for like a month each). Even when Napoleon gobbled most of Europe, he left San Marino alone, saying it was a model republic! San Marino takes its government seriously: for such a tiny country, San Marino has a very complex government structure, based on a constitution written in 1600. The country is ruled by an elected Council of 60, who appoints 2 captain regents (from opposing political parties, no less) to administer governmental affairs for six-month term. Talk about preserving liberties through division of authority! Before World War II, San Marino was amongst the poorest countries in Europe. Today, with more than 3 million tourists visiting every year (half of San Marino's income is derived from tourism), the people of San Marino are amongst the world's richest people.
Human Body in 24 Hours
Mi hing khat i nai 24 sung a nun taak dan
In 24 hours, An average human:
1. HEART beats 1,03,689 times.
2. LUNGS respire 23,045 times.
3. BLOOD flows 16,80,000 miles.
4. NAILS grow 0.00007 inches.
5. HAIR grows 0.01715 inches.
6. Take 2.9 pounds WATER (including all liquids).
7. Take 3.25 pounds FOOD.
8. Breathe 438 cubic feet AIR.
9. Lose 85.60, BODY TEMPERATURE.
10. Produce 1.43 pints SWEAT.
11. Speak 4,800 WORDS.
12. During SLEEP move 25.4 times.
In 24 hours, An average human:
1. HEART beats 1,03,689 times.
2. LUNGS respire 23,045 times.
3. BLOOD flows 16,80,000 miles.
4. NAILS grow 0.00007 inches.
5. HAIR grows 0.01715 inches.
6. Take 2.9 pounds WATER (including all liquids).
7. Take 3.25 pounds FOOD.
8. Breathe 438 cubic feet AIR.
9. Lose 85.60, BODY TEMPERATURE.
10. Produce 1.43 pints SWEAT.
11. Speak 4,800 WORDS.
12. During SLEEP move 25.4 times.
World War 1 and 2 - Causes and Consequences
A war is called a world war when it affects the majority of the world's most powerful and populous nations.
History is a proff that no war has ever proved to be good for humanity. All wars comes to an end some day after causing destruction on a huge level. World wars span multiple countries on multiple continents. Both World wars are a curse on the face of humanity. You might be wondering how many people died in world war 1 and 2? Well, it is difficult to know the exact figures but several hundred thousand of people including soldiers died in these 2 world wars. Read on to find out the causes and consequences of World war 1 and 2. World War 1 (August 4, 1914 to November 11, 1918) Causes of world war 1: German revelry proved to be the main cause of World War 1.
Main Contestants of World War 1
• Central Powers comprising Germany, Australia-Hungary, Turkey and Bulgaria on the one hand, and
• Allied Power comprising England, France, Belgium, Serbia, which were joined by Russia and Italy in
1915 and 1917, respectively.
How the First World War Broke Out? When Austria attacked Serbia, after one month of Prince Ferdinand's murder, it drew Russia towards Serbia. Germany entered the fray to support Austria because it had vested interests in Turkey and was committed to support Austria. One by one, France, England and the other countries entered the war.
Results & Consequences of World War 1
• Central powers were defeated.
• About 50 lakh allied soldiers were killed and 1 crore and 10 lakh wounded.
• Bulgaria, Turkey and Austria surrendered.
• Germany signed the Armistice Treaty on November 11, 1918 and World War I ended.
• In 1919 the Treaty of Versailles was signed which curbed powers of the German empire, further humiliating and weakening it.
World War 2 (September 3, 1939 to August 14, 1945)
Causes of world war 2: An unjust Treaty of Versailles, improper behavior of France, rise policy of expansion, and imperialism of England and France were some of the causes behind World War 2.
Main Contestants of World War 2
• Axis Powers, also called the central powers which included Germany, Italy and Japan.
• Allied Powers - Britain, France, Russia, US, Poland and Benelux countries.
Results of World War 2 Hitler, who was responsible for this war, initially very successful but later met with strong resistance when he attacked Russia in 1941, and was forced to retreat to Berlin. On learning that Germany had collapsed, he committed suicide on April 30, 1945 in Berlin.
• Germany was divided into two parts - East Germany under Russia and West Germany under the control of England, France and America (allies).
• Russia emerged as the single biggest power in the world.
• It was at this time that the struggle for freedom in colonies under European control in Asia (India), Myanmar (Burma), Sri Lanka (Ceylon), Malaysia (Malaya). Egypt etc. caught on.
• The British Empire thus rapidly lost its leadership as more and more colonies won independence.
• The UNO was then established in 1945.
When Japan did not agree to the demands of the allied powers to surrender, the first atom bomb was dropped on Hiroshima on August 5, 1945 and the second on Nagasaki on August 9, 1945. Japan then surrendered unconditionally on August 14, 1945 and World War 2 ended.
History is a proff that no war has ever proved to be good for humanity. All wars comes to an end some day after causing destruction on a huge level. World wars span multiple countries on multiple continents. Both World wars are a curse on the face of humanity. You might be wondering how many people died in world war 1 and 2? Well, it is difficult to know the exact figures but several hundred thousand of people including soldiers died in these 2 world wars. Read on to find out the causes and consequences of World war 1 and 2. World War 1 (August 4, 1914 to November 11, 1918) Causes of world war 1: German revelry proved to be the main cause of World War 1.
Main Contestants of World War 1
• Central Powers comprising Germany, Australia-Hungary, Turkey and Bulgaria on the one hand, and
• Allied Power comprising England, France, Belgium, Serbia, which were joined by Russia and Italy in
1915 and 1917, respectively.
How the First World War Broke Out? When Austria attacked Serbia, after one month of Prince Ferdinand's murder, it drew Russia towards Serbia. Germany entered the fray to support Austria because it had vested interests in Turkey and was committed to support Austria. One by one, France, England and the other countries entered the war.
Results & Consequences of World War 1
• Central powers were defeated.
• About 50 lakh allied soldiers were killed and 1 crore and 10 lakh wounded.
• Bulgaria, Turkey and Austria surrendered.
• Germany signed the Armistice Treaty on November 11, 1918 and World War I ended.
• In 1919 the Treaty of Versailles was signed which curbed powers of the German empire, further humiliating and weakening it.
World War 2 (September 3, 1939 to August 14, 1945)
Causes of world war 2: An unjust Treaty of Versailles, improper behavior of France, rise policy of expansion, and imperialism of England and France were some of the causes behind World War 2.
Main Contestants of World War 2
• Axis Powers, also called the central powers which included Germany, Italy and Japan.
• Allied Powers - Britain, France, Russia, US, Poland and Benelux countries.
Results of World War 2 Hitler, who was responsible for this war, initially very successful but later met with strong resistance when he attacked Russia in 1941, and was forced to retreat to Berlin. On learning that Germany had collapsed, he committed suicide on April 30, 1945 in Berlin.
• Germany was divided into two parts - East Germany under Russia and West Germany under the control of England, France and America (allies).
• Russia emerged as the single biggest power in the world.
• It was at this time that the struggle for freedom in colonies under European control in Asia (India), Myanmar (Burma), Sri Lanka (Ceylon), Malaysia (Malaya). Egypt etc. caught on.
• The British Empire thus rapidly lost its leadership as more and more colonies won independence.
• The UNO was then established in 1945.
When Japan did not agree to the demands of the allied powers to surrender, the first atom bomb was dropped on Hiroshima on August 5, 1945 and the second on Nagasaki on August 9, 1945. Japan then surrendered unconditionally on August 14, 1945 and World War 2 ended.
(ျမန္မာသမိုင္း အေထြေထြအက်ဥ္း)
((ျမန္မာသမိုင္း အေထြေထြအက်ဥ္း))စုစည္းေဖၚျပလုိက္ပါတယ္
ေအဒီ1400 အေနာ္ရထာအရင္ဆံုး ဘုရင္ျဖစ္လာျပီး ပုဂံကို ပထမျမန္မာနိုင္ငံေတာ္၏
ျမိဳ႔ေတာ္အျဖစ္စတင္တည္ေထာင္။
ေအဒီ1506 အေနာ္ရထာမင္းမွသဒံုျပည္ကိုတိုက္ခိုက္သိမ္းပိုက္ခဲ့၊ရွင္အရဟံ ဘုန္းၾကီးကိုပုဂံျပည္၌
ေထရ၀ါရဗုဒဘာသာစတင္ရန္အတြက္ ပုဂံကိုေခၚလာခဲ့ေအဒီ1287 မြန္ဂိုလီယားဘုရင္ Khblai Khan
ကပုဂံကိုတိုက္ခိုက္ခဲ့ ျခင္းေၾကာင့္ ပထမဘုရင္စနစ္ပ်က္သုန္းခဲ့။
1531 တပင္ေရႊထီး(ဒုတိယျမန္မာနုိင္ငံေတာ္)1550-1581 ဘုရင့္ေနာင္မွ Chiangmai ႏွင့္အယုဒယ
1752 မြန္မ်ားက Innwa ကိုတိုက္ခိုက္သိမ္းပိုက္၊ဒုတိယျမန္မာနုိင္ငံေတာ္ပ်က္သုန္း။
1755 အေလာင္းဘုရား(တတိယျမန္မာနုိင္ငံေတာ္)။
1760 အေလာင္းဘုရားမွမြန္ေတြကို Inwaa မွေမာင္းထုတ္ျပီး မြန္ရြာျဖစ္သည္
ဒဂုန္ကိုရန္ကုန္ဟုေျပာင္း(ရန္ေတြကုန္သည့္အမွတ္အသား)။
1813 Dr.Adoniram Judson သည္ Christian Missionary လုပ္ဖို့အရင္ဆံုးျမန္မာနုိင္ငံေရာက္ရွိခဲ့။
1824-26 ပထမအဂၤလိပ္ျမန္မာစစ္ပြဲ။ ရ ႏၱပိုစာခ်ဳပ္ခ်ဳပ္ျပီး ရခိုင္ႏွင့္တနသာၤရီကိုေပးလုိက္ရ။
1852-72 ဒုတိယအဂၤလိပ္ျမန္မာစစ္ပြဲ။ျမန္မာျပည္ေအာက္ပိုင္းထိအသိမ္းခံရ။
1853-78 မင္းတုန္းမင္းနန္းတက္(ျမနန္းစံေက်ာ္ေရႊနန္းေတာ္၊မႏၱေလး)။
1885 တတိယအဂၤလိပ္ျမန္မာစစ္ပြဲ၊အဂၤလိပ္နုိင္၍ 5.12.1885မွာသီေပၚမင္းကိုအိႏၵယျပည္ေခၚသြား။
1886Janမွစတင္၍ဗမာျပည္ကိုအိႏၵိယလက္ေအာက္ခံအျဖစ္သြတ္သြင္းျပီူရန္ကုန
1886-95 ဗမာျပည္အထက္ပိုင္းမွအဂၤလိပ္ေတြကို(guerilla warfare)ႏွင့္တိုက္ခိုက္ခဲ့။
1906 YMBA(Young Men’s Buddish Association)ဟုမ်ိဳးခ်စ္စစ္ရွင္သန္ထက္ေစရန္ဖြဲ့စည္းခဲ့။
1920 GCBA (General Council of Burmese Association) ဟုကိုယ္ပိုင္အုပ္ခ်ဳပ္ခြင့္ ေတာင္းဆိုမွဳျပဳလုပ္ခဲ့။
1923 ဗမာျပည္ကိုဒိုင္အာခီအုပ္ခ်ဳပ္ေရးစနစ္ျဖင့္ အုပ္ခ်ဳပ္ခဲ့။
1930 May 30 မွာဒို့ဗမာအစည္းအရံုးဖြဲ့စည္းျပီးဒီဇင္ဘာလ မွာဆရာစံ၏ဦးေဆာင္မွဳျဖင့္
ေတာင္သူဘယ္သမားအေရးေတာ္ပံုစတင္ခဲ့(အေရးေတာ္ပံု ၂ ႏွစ္ၾကာခဲ့)။
1937 ဗမာျပည္အုပ္ခ်ဳပ္ေရးကိုအိႏၵိယ လက္ေအာက္မွခြဲထုတ္။
1939 သခင္ဖိုးလွၾကီး၏ဦးေဆာင္မွဳျဖင့္ ေရနံအလုပ္သမားမ်ားသပိတ္ေမွာက္ခဲ့၊
1300 အေရးေတာ္ပံုဟုနာမည္ၾကီး။
1941 Japan ကဗမာျပည္ကိုစတင္တိုက္ခိုက္ခဲ့၊ဒီဇင္ဘာလ 26 မွာBIA(Burma Independence
Army)ကုိဖြဲ့စည္း။1942 July 27 မွာBIA ကုိBDA(Burma Defense Army)ဟုေျပာင္းလဲ။
1943-45 ဂ်ပန္ကျမန္မာျပည္ကို အုပ္ခ်ဳပ္၊
1943 မွာလြပ္လပ္ေရး(လြတ္လပ္ေရးအတုဟုနာမည္ၾကီး)ေပးခဲ့။
1945 March 27 ဖက္ဆစ္ေတာ္လွန္ေရး(Fascist Resistance ) ဟုဂ်ပန္ေတြကိုေတာ္လွန္ခဲ့၊
ထိုေန့ကိုေတာ္လွန္ေရးေန့ဟုေခၚ၊ယေန့ခ်ိန္ခါ၌ တပ္မေတာ္ေန့ဟုေခၚ။
1945 June 15 မွာဂ်ပန္ကိုအျပီးေမာင္းထုတ္နုိင္ခဲ့။
1945 Oct 16 မွာအဂၤလိပ္ကဗမာျပည္ကို ျပန္အုပ္ခ်ဳပ္ခဲ့။
Jan 27 မွာေအာင္ဆန္းအက္တလီစာခ်ဳပ္ခ်ဳပ္ခဲ့။
ထိုစာခ်ဳပ္သည္ဗမာျပည္လြတ္လပ္ေရးအာမခံခ်က္ေပးသည့္စာခ်ဳပ္ျဖစ္သည္။
1947 Feb 6-12 အထိရွမ္းျပည္နယ္ ပင္လံုျမို့မွာ Shan ,Chin,Kachin,Burma
တန္းတူလြတ္လပ္ေရးရရန္ပင္လံုစာခ်ဳပ္ခ်ဳပ္ခဲ့ျခင္းျဖစ္။
July 19 မွာဗိုလ္ခ်ဳပ္ေအာင္ဆန္းႏွင့္နုိင္ငံေရးဦးေဆာင္သူ 6 ေယာက္(Interim Government)
တို့လုပ္ၾကံမွဳခံရ။1947 Oct 17 မွာနု-အက္ဒလီစာခ်ဳပ္ခ်ဳပ္ျပီးဗမာျပည္လြတ္လပ္ေရးအတြက္
စာခ်ဳပ္ျဖစ္သည္။
1948 Jan 4 မွာျပည္ေထာင္ စုဗမာနုိင္ငံဟုလြတ္လပ္ေရးရခဲ့။ စပ္ေရႊသိုက္(ရွမ္း) သမၼတျဖစ္၊
ဦးနု၀န္ၾကီးခ်ဳပ္။ ထိုစဥ္ပင္လံုစာခ်ဳပ္
ျပည္တြင္းစစ္)။
1951 လြတ္လပ္ေရးျပီးပထမအၾကိမ္ ပါလီမာန္စနစ္ျဖင့္အုပ္ခ်ဳပ္ရန္လူထုေရြးေကာက္ပြဲျပဳလုပ္၊
1956 မွာဒုတိယအၾကိမ္ျပဳလုပ္ခဲ့။
1958 ဖဆပလနွစ္ပိုင္းကြဲ(သန့္ရွင္းဖဆပလႏွင့္တည္ျမဲဖဆပလ)။
ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲျပန္လည္ျပဳလုပ္ရန္အတြက။္
Sep 28 မွာအိမ္ေစာင့္အစိုးရဖြဲ့ျပီး ဗိုလ္ခ်ဳပ္ေန၀င္းကတာ၀န္ယူခဲ့။
1960 Feb မွာေရြးေကာက္ပြဲျပဳလုပ္ရာ ဦးနု(ျပည္ေထာင္စုပါတီ)အနုိင္ရျပီး Aprial 4 မွာအစုိးရျပည္တက္။
ထုိ့ေနာက္ဗမာနွင့္တရုတ္နယ္စပ္ျငိမ္းခ်မ္းေရးလက္မွတ္ထိုးခဲ့ၾက။
1961 Union Parliament ဗမာျပည္တစ္ျပည္လံုး ကိုးကြယ္သည့္ဘာသာကိုဗုဒဘာသာအျဖစ္
ဦးနုမွျပဳလုပ္ေၾကျငာ။ထိုျပသာနာေၾကာင့္ KIA/KIO ျဖစ္လာခဲ့။
1962 March 2 မွာေတာ္လွန္ေရးအစိုးရ ဗိုလ္ခ်ဳပ္ေန၀င္းကအာဏာ သိမ္းခဲ့။
July 4 မွာBurmese way to Socialism အုပ္ခ်ဳပ္ေရးဖက္ေျခလွမ္းခဲ့။
1963 ျပည္တြင္းျငိမ္းခ်မ္းေရးအတြက္ အစိုးရမွျငိမ္းခ်မ္းေရးမ်ားျပဳလုပ္။
1964 ျပည္တြင္းနိုင္ငံေရးပါတီမ်ားအကုန္ဖ်က္သိမ္း။ ပုဂၢလိက ေက်ာင္း၊ဆုိင္၊ပစၥည္းမ်ားကို
ျပည္သူပိုင္အျဖစ္သိမ္း။ 1965 ပညာသင္ ေက်ာင္းအားလံုးအစိုးရမွတာ၀န္ယူခဲ့။
1972 သတင္းဂ်ာနယ္ထုတ္ေ၀ခြင့္အကုန္ပိတ္။
1974 March 2 မွာ New Institution ေရးဆြဲခဲ့။ ဗမာျပည္ကိုဆိုရွယ္လစ္လမ္းစဥ္ ပါတီကအစိုးရလုပ္၊ဦးေန၀င္းသမၼတ။
1974 ဦးသန့္အေရးခင္း။UN အေထြေထြအတြင္းေရးမွဳးခ်ဳပ္ေဟာင္းဦးသန့္
အေမရိကန္တြင္ကြယ္လြန္၌ျမန္မာျပည္သို့ ဦးသန့္၏ရုပ္ကလပ္ကိုသယ္ေဆာင္ခဲ့ရာ၊ ဦးေန၀င္း
အစိုးရကသာမန္စ်ာပနာကဲ့သို့သေဘာထားခဲ့ျခင္း၊လ်စ္လ်ဴရွဳျခင္းတုိ့ေၾက
မ်ားမွ ဦးသန့္စ်ာပနာတြင္အေလာင္းလုကာ ျပည္သူမ်ားမွမိမိတို့ဘာသာ သျဂိုလ္ရန္ၾကိုးစားခဲ့ျခင္းျဖစ္။
ေက်ာင္းသားေခါင္းေဆာင္ ဆလုိင္းတင္ေမာင္ဦး(အရွိဳခ်င္း)အားဖမ္း၌ၾကိုးေပးေသဒဏ္ခ်မွတ္ခဲ့။
အသတ္ခံရခ်ိန္ အသက္ 24 ႏွစ္သာရွိေသး။ေက်ာင္းသားအား ၾကိုးေပးေသဒဏ္ေပး ခံခဲ့ရ ျခင္း မွာ ျမန္မာ့သမုိင္းတြင္ ပထမဦးဆံုးျဖစ္သည္။
1980 May 24-28 မွာဗုဒဘာသာကိုးကြယ္ယံုၾကည္မွဳက်ယ္ျပန္ရန္အတြက္စည္းေ၀းပြဲၾကီးျပဳလုပ္ခဲ့။
1981 Nov 6 မွာဦးေန၀င္းအနားယူ၊စန္းယုမွသမၼတလုပ္ခဲ့။
1987 ဗမာျပည္ေဒ၀ါလီခံ။
1988 July 6 မွာ Brig.Gen.Sein Lwin သမၼတတက္။
August 8 ရက္မွစ၍ျပည္လံဳးကြ်တ္ဆႏၵျပပြဲျဖစ္ခဲ့။ဒီမိုကေရစီအေရးေတာ္ပံု။
August 12 မွာ Dr.Maung Maung မွသမၼတလုပ္။ဆႏၵျပပြဲ အတြင္းလူတစ္ေသာင္းခန့္ေသ၊
ေက်ာင္းသားလူငယ္ေသာင္းခ်ီနယ္စပ္ထြက္ေျပးခဲ့၊video file စသည္တို့မွာပါသူအားလံုး
လိုက္လံဖမ္းဆီးခံရ။
Sep 18 မွာ SLORC(နုိင္ငံေတာ္ျငိမ္၀ပ္ပိျပားေရးနွင့္တည္ေဆာက္ေရးအဖြဲ့ Chairman Sr.Gen.Saw Maung မွာအာဏာသိမ္း။
1990 ပါတီစံုေ၇ြးေကာက္ပြဲ။ NLDမွအနုိင္ရ၊သို့ေသာ္အစိုးရဖြဲ့စည္းခြင့္မရခဲ့။
1992 Aprial 23 မွာ ဗိုလ္ခ်ဳပ္ၾကီးသန္းေရႊမွဆက္လက္အာဏာယူ။
1993 အမ်ိဳးသားညီလာခံက်င္းပ။1996 March မွာနား။
1997 July 23 မွာဗမာျပည္အာဆီယံအသင္း၀င္ျဖစ္။
Nov 15 မွာ SLORC (နုင္ငံေတာ္ျငိမ္၀ပ္ပိျပားေရးနွင့္တည္ေဆာက္ေရးအဖြဲ့) ကိုနုိင္ငံေတာ္
ေအးခ်မ္းသာယာေရးႏွင့္ဖြံ့ျဖိုးေရးေကာင္စီ(S
း အဂၤလိပ္စကား Burma မွာျမန္မာစကားလုိ Myanmar ဟုေျပာင္းလဲခဲ့။
2003 ျမန္မာနုိင္ငံဒီမိုကေရစီလမ္းစဥ္တုိင္းသြားရန္ ဦးခင္ညြန့္မွလမ္းျပေျမပံု 7
ဆင့္ျပဳလုပ္ခဲ့။ေဒၚစု(ဒီပဲရင္းအေရးခင္း)။
2004 ခင္ညြန့္ျပဳတ္။ အမ်ိဳးသားညီလာခံျပန္စတင္က်င္းပ။
2005 Nov ျမန္မာနုိုင္ငံျမို့ေတာ္ကိုေနျပည္ေတာ္သို့ေျပာင္း၊ ဌာနဆိုင္ရာရံုးခ်ဳပ္အားလံုး ေနျပည္ေတာ္သို့ေျပာင္း။
2007 ေရႊ၀ါေရာင္ေတာ္လွန္ေရး(စက္တင္ဘာ) ။
2008 ဖြဲ့စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒကို 92%ျပည္သူကေထာက္ခံပါသည္ဟုအစိုးရမွေၾကညာ။
2010 ပါတီစံုဒီမိုကေရစီေရြးေကာက္ပြဲ။ၾကံံ့ဖြံ့အစိုးရဖြဲ့ခြင့္ရ။
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